Current Science

Tarun Keswani ¹, Santanu Chowdhury ², Soma Mukherjee ², Arindam Bhattacharyya ¹

Affiliations
1 Immunology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700 019, IN
2 Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Nadia 741 235, IN

Abstract

Treatment for lung cancer is still far from satisfactory. Therefore, there is a call for novel anticancer agents. In the present study, the anticancer activity of [Pd(L)Cl], 1a complex towards A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells was investigated. [Pd(L)Cl], 1a inhibited the growth of A549 cells in a time and dosedependent manner. The IC50 value was 10 μM after 24 h treatment. Flow cytometric analyses revealed a dose-related increase in the percentages of cells in the Sub-G0/G1 state, indicative of apoptosis which was further confirmed by Annexin V binding assay, via a ROS-mediated mitochondria-dependent pathway. Western blot analysis showed that 1a complex induced Bax expression to desintegrate the outer mitochondrial membrane and causing cytochrome c release, associated with the activation of caspase-3. All of these signal transduction pathways are involved in initiating apoptosis. [Pd(L)Cl], 1a seems to represent a potentially active drug against non-small cell lung cancer A549 cell line in vitro, and further studies in vivo are warranted.

Keywords

Apoptosis, Lung Cancer, Palladium(II) Complexes, Reactive Oxygen Species.

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Anurag Mishra ¹, K. Abdul Hakeem ¹, V. V. Rao ¹, P. V. N. Rao ¹, Santanu Chowdhury ¹

Affiliations
1 National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Hyderabad 500 037, IN

Abstract

This communication presents results of a preliminary study to understand and assess the colour changes in Lonar lake, Buldhana district, Maharashtra, India, using remote sensing data of recent years (2019 and 2020). In addition, the study has utilized IMD gridded weather data and spectral profiles of algal pigments from the published literature. In order to verify whether the colour change is a cyclic event, long-term satellite data of Landsat 8-OLI and Sentinel 2-MSI sensors from 2014 onwards were analysed using spectral response in red and green bands. It was observed that even though a cyclic pattern exists, the colour change events occurred only during the 2019 and 2020 periods. The present analysis showed a change in colour of the lake from green to brown twice during April–June 2019. However, in 2020, there was a change in colour of the lake from green to brown and eventually to pinkish-red, which was not observed earlier. Rainfall and temperature were used to identify possible causes of abiotic stress on algae population of the lake. The study observed light rainfall and reduction in temperature just prior to the colour change event during both the years. In the absence of field data, the published literature on absorption spectra of different algal pigments was reviewed to identify pigments causing brown- and red-coloured appearance of the lake. Though cause of stress on the algae population is not known and is to be precisely identified by field surveys, the change in colour of Lonar lake appears to be caused by pigment(s), like phycoerythrin and carotenoids. However, this needs to be verified in the ground through water quality analysis.

Keywords

Colour Changes, Lake Water, Pigments, Remote Sensing, Water Quality Analysis.

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